Our Services

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General Services

 

Professional Tax

• Professional Tax is the charged by State Governments in India. This was first levied in 1949.
• Anyone earning an income from any profession, trade, calling or employment is required to pay this tax.
• Different states have different rates and methods of collection.
• This tax is levied based on slab rates based on the income of the individual.
• Professional Tax is similar to Income Tax. The only difference is that Income Tax is levied by the Central Government and Professional Tax is levied by the State Government.
• The maximum amount of professional tax that can be levied by any state government is Rs.2500 only.
• Any amount paid as Professional Tax is allowed as a deduction under section 16 of the Income Tax Act.
• In case of salaried individuals and wage earners, professional tax is liable to be deducted by the employer from the salary or wages and the employer should deposit the same with the state government.
• In case of other classes of individuals, the tax is liable to be deposited by the individual.

 

Service Tax

• Service Tax is a tax on services. It was introduced in India in 1994. The person who provides the service is responsible for paying the service tax to the government.
• Service tax is an indirect tax. The service provider pays the tax and recovers the amount from the recipient of taxable service. Hence, the service provider has to add the service tax to the total invoice.
• Service means any activity for consideration carried out by a person for another and includes a declared service. Activity could be active or passive and would also include forbearance to act.
• To be taxable, a service should be provided or agreed to be provided by a person to another in the taxable territory and should not be specified in the negative list.
• The present rate of service tax is 12..36%.
• Service tax is applicable to all service other than services listed in the Negative List of Services (services exempted from Service Tax) as may be notified by the Government of India.
• If the service provided by a person does not fall within the scope of the exempted services, the service tax is payable on the value of the taxable service received.
• A Company/LLP/Partnership providing a taxable service has to obtain Service Tax Registrations when the annual turnover is more than Rs.9 lakhs in any financial year.
• A company has to pay service tax on or before 5th /6th day of the following month. An LLP/Partnership has to pay service tax on or before the 5th /6th day of the following month after each quarter.
• Form G.A.R.7 is to be used to make service tax payments. Service tax can also be paid online through the e-payment system.
• The service provider has to file half-yearly returns (Form ST-3) to the Service Tax Department on or before the 25th day of the following month after each half year i.e. 25th April and 25th October. The details should be given in the Form ST-3 separately.
• Permanent Account Number or PAN is essential for service tax registration because the Service Tax Registration number is generated based on the PAN. The PAN-based Service Tax Registration number is a must for payment of service tax.

 

VAT

• Value Added Tax (VAT) is a tax levied on sale of taxable goods and materials.
• This is a state specific registration. It applies to sales within the state and with other states.
• The seller has to pay VAT to the government.
• The amount of VAT collected has to be paid to the respective state government on a monthly basis.
• Returns should also be filed on a monthly, quarterly, half-yearly and annual basis.
• All companies and LLPs dealing with taxable goods and materials should have a VAT registration if the turnover of the company or LLP is above the limit prescribed under state VAT laws.
• VAT rate differs from product to product and from state to state. Generally, the VAT rates are 1% on gold, silver, precious metals, gems and precious stones, 4% on essential goods and primary raw materials, 12.5-20% or more on specified items under respective state VAT rules.
• All companies and LLPs dealing with taxable goods and materials should register under VAT if the turnover of the company/LLP from taxable goods is above the exempted limits as prescribed under the state VAT rules.
• VAT registration differs from state to state.
• Generally, the applicant has to approach the local VAT office with specified application and required supporting documents. Certificate of Incorproration, company/LLP registration documents such as MOA, AOA, LLP Agreement, Company /LLP PAN, Rent Agreement for the premises, identity and address proof, photos of directors and partners/designated partners are the documents generally called for VAT registration.
• Generally, a refundable deposit of Rs.5,000-25,000 is insisted for VAT registration. Certain states insist on bank gurantees as well.

 

Shops and Establishments

• The Shops and Establishment Act is a state legislation act and each state has framed its own rules for the Act.
• The object of this Act is to provide statutory obligation and rights to employees and employers in the unauthorized sector of employment, i.e., shops and establishments.
• This Act is applicable to all persons employed in an establishment with or without wages, except the members of the employer’s family.
• The Act lays down rules regarding working hours per day and per week, opening and closing hours, hollidays, overtime work, employment of children and women, employment and termination of services and annual leave, maternity leave, casual leave and sick leave.

 

Consultancy Services

Income Tax

• As per the Income Tax Act, every business organization is required to close its financial year on 31st March every year and file returns with the Income Tax Department.
• The due date for filing income tax returns for different organizations varies depending on their business structures.
• Accounts of a business organisation have to be audited by a qualified chartered accountant. Audit requirements are mandatory for all businesses.

Mergers and Acquisitions

• Corporate merger and acquisition is defined as the process of buying, selling, and integrating different corporations with the desire of expansion and accelerated growth opportunities. This kind of association in any form plays an integral role when it comes to business and economy as it results in significant restructuring of a business.
• The key objective of corporate mergers and acquisitions is to increase market competition. This can be done in various ways using different methods of merger like horizontal merger, conglomeration merger, market extension merger, and product extension merger. All the types work towards a common goal but behold different characteristics suited to get the best outcome in terms of growth, expansion, and financial performance.

Financial Analysis

• Ratio Analysis is a tool used by individuals to conduct a quantitative analysis of information in a company's financial statements. Ratios are calculated from current year numbers and are then compared to previous years, other companies, the industry, or even the economy to judge the performance of the company.
• Important ratios are as below:
• Current Ratio - Current Assets over Current Liabilities. This is calculated to assess the solvency and liquidity of an organisation.
• Liquid Ratio - Liquid Assets over (Liquid or Current Liabilities). This is the true test of solvency of a business. It indicates the ability of the business to pay its maturing obligations without delay and difficulty.
• Debt Equity Ratio - (Long-term Debt or Total Debt) over (Proprietors’ Equity or Shareholders’ Equity). This gives the ratio between borrowed capital and owners’ capital. This is a measure of long-term solvency of the business.

Corporate Restructuring

• Corporate restructuring is the process involved in changing the organisation of a business. Corporate restructuring involves making dramatic changes to a business by cutting out or merging departments that often has the effect of displacing the staff.
• Corporate restructuring is the process of significantly changing a company’s business model, management team or financial structure to address challenges and increase shareholder value.
• Restructuring may involve major layoffs or bankruptcy, although it is usually designed to minimise the impact on employees, if possible.
• It may involve a company’s sale or merger with another company so as to ensure long-term viability.
• Objectives of corporate restructuring:
• To unload loss making businesses.
• To eliminate debt.
• To organise surplus cash from one business to finance profitable growth in another.
• To reduce risk.
• To develop core competencies.
• To improve debt-equity ratio.
• To obtain tax benefits by merging a loss making company with a profit making company.
• To eliminate competition.
• To increase market share.

 

Company Law Services

• Company name change
• A company can change its name whenever it wants to. However, the name change should be as per the regulations and procedures of company laws. The law prescribes that the name change needs the approval of shareholders by a resolution with 3/4th majority and an approval by the Government of India.
• Company name is changed when there is a change in the business activity or there is a new brand name or as per government order.
• Procedure to change name is:
• File an application with the ROC for the new name.
• Draft the required documents for the name change.
• The documents have to be vetted by professionals.
• Filing the vetted documents with the ROC.
• Getting the name approval.

• Director changes
• Director changes can be in case of appointment or in case of resignation.
• A director of a company can be appointed by the board if authorized by the articles of the company or by shareholders at the General Meeting. The new director need not be a shareholder in the company. The appointment of a director shall be as per the provisions of company and laws and regulations.
• Similarly, if a director resigns from the company, and if he/she holds any shares in the company, he/she must transfer the shares to the new director or existing shareholders (who may be a director).

 

• Transfer or Transmission of shares
• In a public company, shares are freely transferable. However, in a private company, there can be restrictions for share transfer as per the Articles.
•  Before the transfer of shares, one must look into the provision of articles regarding restrictions. Usually, the provisions in the articles mandate that the shares must be offered to existing shareholders.
• The other case is transmission of shares. It happens in case of death of a shareholder. In that case, his/her shares will be vested with legal heirs. The board can then execute transfer to legal heirs subject to documentation, etc.

• Registered office change
• Registered Office refers to the official correspondence address of the company or its principal place of business.
• In the course of business, the company may be required to change its registered office for many reasons. It may be due to shifting operations from one place to another, shifting offices within the same city, etc. Since a company is an entity, every change requires compliance with laws and filing of documents.
• Changing the registered office can be under any of the following:
• Within the same city
• Within the same state, but from one city to another city
• Within the same state, but from one city to another city in two different ROC jurisdictions
• Between two different states

 

• Amendment to AOA
• A company can amend the provisions in the Articles of Association subject to compliance with company law provisions. Clauses in Articles of a company can be amended by passing a special resolution at a meeting of shareholders and filing the necessary documents with the ROC.
• A company may be required to amend its Articles of Association to delete or add regulations to suit its business.

• Amendment to MOA Object Clause
• A company is only authorized to conduct business activities provided in objects clause of the company’s MOA. Any business outside the scope of the activities in the MOA is illegal and beyond the power of the company. However, company laws allows it to alter its activities by adding or deleting objects in the MOA.
• At the time of incorporation, the usual practice is to indicate one or two businesses that the promoters propose to be engaged in. Subsequently, the company may look at other activates. This is possible by adding new activities in the objects of the company. Sometimes, it may require removal of some activities; this is possible by deleting or redrafting the objects clause of the MOA.

 

• Increase of authorised capital
• A company can increase its authorized capital by following the prescribed procedures under company laws. It involves passing necessary resolutions by shareholders and filing documents with the ROC. The registration fee payable to the ROC depends on the authorized capital of the company.
• The increase in authorized capital involves amending the company’s MOA. In certain cases, the Articles of Association (AOA) of the company also contains the authorized capital clause. In such cases, the respective clause in the AOA also needs to be changed for every increase in capital.

• Annual filing services
• Every company needs to prepare a profit and loss account and balance sheet and get the same audited by the company auditor at the end of every financial year (usually 31st March). The Board of Directors has to prepare a Directors Report with specified information and has to forward the report to shareholders along with audited accounts. They will also have to call for an Annual General Meeting (AGM) of shareholders for adoption of accounts within 6 months from the date of closing of accounts.
• The company shall file a copy of the balance sheet, profit and loss accounts, auditor’s report, director’s report and Secretarial Compliance Certificate, if required, with the ROC within 30 days after the AGM.
• Every year, a company shall file annual returns with the ROC within 60 days of the AGM containing the particulars such as address of registered office, register of its members, register of its debenture holders, shares and debentures, indebtedness, members and debenture holders, past and present, and directors, managing directors, past and present.

 

LLP Services

• LLP Name change
• LLP is an incorporated business entity with all the features of a body corporate. Like a company, LLP can also change name by complying with the procedures in LLP Rules and LLP Agreement. Also, the proposed LLP name should comply with the LLP Name guidelines as prescribed by the MCA.
• An LLP can change its name by compliance with LLP rules and provision of LLP Agreement. The first step in the name change process is identifying a suitable unique name and getting it approved by registrar of companies.

• LLP Partner Admission
• Admission of a new partner to LLP requires consensus among partners and it results in dilution of partners' equity and management rights in the LLP.
• LLP can admit new partners into the LLP in accordance to LLP Agreement. The requirements in LLP agreement have to be complied with for admitting a partner into the LLP.

 

• LLP Cessation of Partner
• A partner can resign from the LLP by giving notice to other partners. Transfer of rights in LLP alone will not help a partner to cease to be a partner in LLP. This is because in an LLP, partners always have management rights. The partner should resign or be dismissed as per LLP agreement in order to complete the cessation process. The economic rights cease when partnership rights are assigned to another or duly settled by LLP. The management rights cease when the partner resigns or is dismissed.
• Unlike the shareholder in a Limited Company, a partner of an LLP can resign and leave the LLP at any time. To complete the cessation, the partner has to be dissociated with regard to economic as well as management rights in LLP.

• LLP shifting of registered office
• An LLP can shift its registered office from one place to another within the state or outside the state. The conditions set out in the LLP agreement have to be fulfilled for shifting the registered office.
• A registered office refers to the official correspondence address of an LLP or its principal place of business. The address of the Registered Office will be used for all official communications of the LLP. The registered office of an LLP can be shifted from one place to another in the same state or from one state to another after complying with legal requirements.

 

• LLP annual filing
• Every LLP shall file an annual return in Form 11 within 60 days of closure of a financial year. The Annual Return contains details of LLP Registered office address, details of partners, details of designated partners, LLP contribution profit sharing ratio etc. So, the filing of Annual Return has to be done on or before 30th May of every year.
• In case of LLP with turnover of more than five crore rupees in a financial year or a contribution of more than fifty lakh rupees, the annual return shall be certified  by a Company Secretary in Practice.
• Every LLP has to maintain books of accounts as per the double entry system of accounting and has to prepare a Statement of Accounts and Solvency (Accounts) every year ending on 31st March and shall file the same inForm 8 with the Registrar, within 30 days from the end of six months of the financial year.
• As per Income Tax Act, an LLP has to close its financial year as on 31st March every year and has to file the returns with Income Tax Department. If the annual turnover of an LLP is more than one hundred lakhs rupees, the accounts have to be audited by a Chartered Accountant as required under Income Tax Act.
• For LLP whose accounts are required to be audited under law - 30th September of every year is the due date for filling the IT returns
• For LLP whose accounts do not have to be audited under law - 31st July of every year is the due date for filing the IT returns.

• LLP closure of defunct business
• An LLP is required to file certain mandatory returns whether it does the business or not. Non- filing of due returns will attract penalties and prosecution under the LLP Act and the designated partners are liable to face the same action. Cessation of operation cannot be a reason for non-filing of returns; an LLP continues to exist until its formal closure. An LLP being a separate legal entity registered under law, it is mandatory to be closed as stipulated under the LLP Act.
• A defunct LLP refers to an LLP that has never started business or is not carrying any business for the immediate past one year and has no assets and liabilities.
• A defunct LLP can make an application to the Registrar with the consent of all partners of the LLP for striking off its name from the register.

 

Intellectual Property Services

• Trade Marks
• A trademark is typically a name, word, phrase, logo, symbol, image or a combination of these to distinguish a company’s products and services from those of others.  It is also used as a marketing tool to create awareness and recognition of products or services among customers.
• A trademark is the intellectual property of its holder; and ownership of a trademark flows from the business usage of the trademark.
• A company/individual should register the trademark in order to possess the complete ownership of the mark and to protect the same from misuse by another person/business entity. Only if the trademark is registered, the owner gets the legal rights to take action against people or companies who infringe on their trademark.
• Trademark registration process includes:
• Identifying the line of business.
• Search.
• Filing.
• Trademark examination.
• Hearing or opposition, if any.
• Registration.

• Copy rights
• The Copyright Act, 1957(Act No. 14 of 1957) governs the laws & applicable rules related to the subject of copyrights in India.
• Copyright is a right given by the law to the creators of literary, dramatic, musical and artistic works and producers of cinematograph films and sound recordings. In fact, it is a bundle of rights including, inter alia, rights of reproduction, communication to the public, adaptation and translation of the work. There could be slight variations in the composition of the rights depending on the work.

 

• Industrial Design
• An industrial design right is an intellectual property right that protects the visual design of objects that are not purely utilitarian. An industrial design consists of the creation of a shape, configuration or composition of pattern or color, or combination of pattern and color in three dimensional form containing aesthetic value. An industrial design can be a two- or three-dimensional pattern used to produce a product, industrial commodity or handicraft.
• India's Design Act, 2000 was enacted to consolidate and amend the law relating to protection of design and to comply with the articles 25 and 26 of TRIPS agreement. The new act, (earlier Patent and Design Act, 1911 was repealed by this act) now defines "design" to mean only the features of shape, configuration, pattern, ornament, or composition of lines or colours applied to any article, whether in two or three dimensional, or in both forms, by any industrial process or means, whether manual or mechanical or chemical, separate or combined, which in the finished article appeal to and are judged solely by the eye; but does not include any mode or principle of construction.

• Patents
• A patent is a set of exclusive rights granted by a sovereign state to an inventor or their assignee for a limited period of time, in exchange for the public disclosure of the invention. An invention is a solution to a specific technological problem, and may be a product or a process. Patents are a form of intellectual property.
• The procedure for granting patents, requirements placed on the patentee, and the extent of the exclusive rights vary widely between countries according to national laws and international agreements. Typically, however, a patent application must include one or more claims that define the invention. These claims must meet relevant patentability requirements, such as novelty and non-obviousness. The exclusive right granted to a patentee in most countries is the right to prevent others from making, using, selling, or distributing the patented invention without permission.
• The patent system in India has its origin in the 19th century, during the British rule of the country.
• The Indian Patent Office is administered by the Office of the Controller General of Patents, Designs & Trade Marks (CGPDTM). This is a subordinate office of the Indian government and administers the Indian law of Patents, Designs and Trade Marks.
• Term of every patent in India is 20 years from the date of filing of patent application, irrespective of whether it is filed with provisional or complete specification.

 

Filing Services

• Compliance Requirements for Company under tax laws
• Maintenance of books of accounts.
• Audit under income tax law.
• Payment of advance tax.
• Tax deducted at source.
• Filing of IT returns.

• Income Tax
• As per the Income Tax Act, every business organization is required to close its financial year on 31st March every year and file returns with the Income Tax Department.
• The due date for filing income tax returns for different organizations varies depending on their business structures.
• The rates applicable for assessment year 2014-2015 are as below:

 

Net income range (For resident woman below 60 years on the last day of the previous year)	Net income range (For resident senior citizen ^1)	Net income range (For super senior citizen ^2)	Net income range (For any other person excluding companies and co-operative societies)	Income Tax rates
Up to ₹ 200,000	Up to ₹ 250,000	Up to ₹ 500,000	Up to ₹ 200,000	NIL%
₹ 200,001–500,000	₹ 250,001–500,000	-	₹ 200,001–500,000	10%
₹ 500,001–1,000,000	₹ 500,001–1,000,000	₹ 500,001–1,000,000	₹ 500,001–1,000,000	20%
Above ₹ 1,000,000	Above ₹ 1,000,000	Above ₹ 1,000,000	Above ₹ 1,000,000	30%

 

• 1 Senior citizen is one who is 60 years or more at any time during the previous year but not more than 80 years on the last day of the previous year.
• 2 Super senior citizen is one who is 80 years or more at any time during the previous year.

• TDS
• Tax Deducted at Source, generally called as TDS, means the deduction of tax at source by the payer to the recipient of an income. Such TDS should be remitted to the Government of India.
• TDS is applicable to payments such as salary, interest, dividend, rent, fee for professional and technical services, commission and brokerage, etc.
• To enable TDS remittance, Tax Deduction and Collection Account Number (TAN) is required. This can be obtained after approval and issue of PAN.
• The collection tax will be made at the source where income arises or accrues. The Income Tax Act mandates that the payer should deduct a specific percentage from the payment and pay the balance to the recipient.
• TDS in case of payments other than salary has to be remitted to the IT Dept within the 7th day of the next month. For salary payments, TDS has to be remitted within 7 days following payment of salary.
• The payer has to file quarterly returns to the Income Tax Department with the details of payee and their PAN, date of deduction and date of remittance to the department, etc.
• The due dates for filing quarterly TDS returns are as follows:

 

Quarter	Due Dates
I Quarter - April to June	July 15th
II Quarter - July to September	October 15th
III Quarter - October to December	January 15th
IV Quarter - January to March	May 15th

 

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Our Expertise

 

Registration Services

Company Registration

The ‘Company’ form of organisation is the most common business structure in India.

Types of companies that can be registered in India - Private Companies and Public Companies.

Procedure for Registration

• Private Company
  • Identify a minimum of 2 shareholders and 2 directors.
  • Obtain a Director Indentification Number (DIN) for all proposed directors.
  • Obtain a Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) for one of the promoters and directors.
  • Identify the location and authorised capital of the company.
  • Company name application.
  • Execution of company registration documents.
  • Submission of company registration documents to the ROC.
  • Company registration and certificate of registration.
• Public Company
  • Identify a minimum of 7 shareholders and 3 directors.
  • Obtain a Director Indentification Number (DIN) for all proposed directors.
  • Obtain a Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) for one of the promoters and directors.
  • Identify the location and authorised capital of the company.
  • Company name application.
  • Execution of company registration documents.
  • Submission of company registration documents to the ROC.
  • Company registration and certificate of registration.
  • Obtaining the certificate of commencement of business.

LLP Registration

A Limited Liability Partnership is a partnership in which some or all of the partners have limited liability. A LLP is an incorporated business form that has the features of both partnerships and companies such as perpetual succession, common seal, legal personality, limited liability, etc.

Procedure for registration

• Identify a minimum of 2 partners and 2 designated partners.
• Obtain a Director Indentification Number (DIN) for all proposed designated partners.
• Obtain a Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) for one of the promoters and designated partners
• Identify the location and contribution of the LLP.
• LLP name application.
• Execution of LLP registration documents.
• Consent of all partners.
• Submission of LLP registration documents to the ROC.
• LLP registration documents and certificate of incorporation.
• Execution of the LLP agreement.

Partnership Registration

The partnership form of organisation is one of the oldest forms of business in India. It is governed by the Indian Partnership Act of 1932.

Procedure for registration

• Choose an appropriate name for the partnership.
• Place of business.
• Execute the partnership deed and stamp with appropriate stamp duty.
• Application for registration.

Sole Proprietorship Registration

A sole proprietorship is a business owned, operated and managed by a single individual.

Procedure for registration

• Registration is not required for a sole proprietor type of business.
• VAT and/or service tax registration has to be done, if liable for the same.
• Separate PAN / Income tax is also not necessary. The PAN of the proprietor can be the PAN of the sole proprietor firm.

Section 8 Company

A company that is formed not for making profits falls under the purview of Section 8 of the Companies Act of 2013.

Such companies are formed to promote commerce, science, art, religion, charity and other socially relevant objectives.

Procedure for Registration

• Identify the minumum number of members and directors, depending on its nature - public or private.
• Obtain a Director Indentification Number (DIN) for all proposed directors.
• Obtain a Digital Signature Certificate (DSC) for one of the promoters and directors.
• Identify location and authorised capital, if any.
• Company name application.
• Drafting of AOA and MOA.
• Application to ROC for license.
• Submission of company registration documents to the ROC.
• Company registration and certificate of registration.

 

Due Diligence

Due Diligence is an analysis and risk assessment of an impending business transaction. It is the careful and methodological investigation of a business or persons, or the performance of an act with a certain standard of care to ensure that information is accurate and to uncover information that may affect the outcome of the transaction.

Our wide range of consultancy services reflects the due diligence in the services provided by us. Typically, our services start with a consultation followed by a thorough due diligence of the concern/request presented by our client. We then perform verification of all the verifiable facts and forms to ensure legitimacy of the client’s concern or proposal. We have a dedicated team of experts performing Due Diligence Verification on every proposal / request / concern ensuring thoroughness and completeness on every proposal we do accept.

Due Diligence verification is conducted as below:

• Background Check – A quick back ground check is performed to ensure that our client is legitimate.
• Genuineness Review – All certificates and documents presented to us by the client are reviewed for genuineness to eliminate possible chances of fraud or duplicity. We ensure that only documents with veracity are accepted for consultation.
• Evidence Gathering – Typically, we ensure that we collect the relevant documents and perform the necessary verification to ascertain that they are genuine and have not been falsified.
• Documents - The documents that are generally collected from a client are Balance Sheet, Books of Accounts, Shareholding patterns, share certificates, tax details, special provisions in the articles, corporate compliance, contracts, etc.

Documents requried for a company and a firm

In all case of individual Due Diligence a Residential verification & Office verification is conducted by our team .

Company	Firm
Share Certificates	PAN
Statutory registers	IT Returns
Asset registers	Financial Statements
Minutes book
Memorandum of Association
Articles of Association

 

Bench Mark Index

• Benchmarking is the number one management tool for improving business performance. It plays an important role in diagnosing and identifying the priority areas for business improvement.
• Benchmark Index helps businesses to prioritise the key areas for development that have the greatest impact to increase profits and grow the businesses.
• It helps to make positive and sustainable improvements and is an essential catalyst for businesses to boost their performance.
• Optimum capacity of a business can be calculated based on the information available from the business.

Company Law Services - to be linked to company law services explained later

Intellectual Property Services - to be linked to intellectual property info explained later

Accounting and Bookkeeping

• All organisations need to maintain a proper set of books and accounts of all the business transactions which include receipts, payments, assets, liabilities, purchases, sales, etc.
• All such information should have the proper supporting documents such as vouchers, invoices, etc.
• Books of accounts are compulsorily to be maintained as per law. Also, they help in determining the profit or loss of a business organisation.
• We provide book keeping services to our clients at an affordable cost. Our services are based on the requirements of our clients.